The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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pathophysiology allergy immunology diagnosis hypersensitivityreaction classification complications definitions hypersensitivity signs sle symptoms types anaphylaxis anticonvulsants erythematosus gastrointestinal management manifestations mechanism
Hypersensitivity: Summary Type I Hypersensitivity: • Immunological Mediator: lgE • Immunological Target: Allergen Molecules • Ex: Antibiotic
Ex: Antibiotic allergies ... Penicillin-induced drug reaction ... • Ex: Systemic Lupus ... Dermatitis (ie. reaction ... #Allergic #Reactions
Type I Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Definition: Production of lgE Antibodies that bind to harmless allergens
leading to an allergic ... reaction. ... Sensitization" to Allergen ... Initial exposure to allergen ... after clearance of allergen
Hypersensitivity: Definitions • Type I - Production of lgE Abs that bind to harmless allergens and
reaction • Type ... reaction • Type ... reaction • Type ... An allergic reaction ... #Allergic #Reactions
Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
mediated; exposure to allergen ... development of allergen-specific ... Allergic reaction ... Initial exposure to allergen ... HypersensitivityReaction #Allergy
Allergic Rhinitis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings 1. Allergy Sensitization -> Antigen Exposure -> APC (macrophages, HLA class
Allergic Rhinitis ... Allergy Sensitization ... Primary Reaction ... Secondary Reaction ... after the primary reaction
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Gastrointestinal Manifestations - Thrombosis of vessels in the pancreas, Vasculitis -> Acute Pancreatitis
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... the pancreas, Vasculitis ... #Systemic #Lupus
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
constipation • Allergic ... reaction -> Benign ... mediated cytotoxic reaction
Type III Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Definition: Small antigen-antibody complexes (produced from normal immune response to
: • Systemic Lupus ... HypersensitivityReaction #Allergy
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous ... Subacute cutaneous lupus ... Livedo Reticularis, Vasculitis ... Phenomenon #Lupus
Anaphylaxis: Treatments (Acute) Additional Info: • IV steroids may be considered for prevention of late phase reactions.
of late phase reactions ... provided, as well as allergy
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