Hypertension in Pregnancy - Classification Elevation in blood pressure >140 mmHg systolic, or >90 mmHg diastolic. 1) Chronic hypertension of pregnancy: hypertension which is diagnosed prior to pregnancy, within the first 20 weeks of gestation, or which persists longer than 12 weeks after delivery. 2) Gestational hypertension: hypertension which is diagnosed after 20 weeks gestation in the absence of proteinuria and other characteristics of preeclampsia (see below). 3) Preeclampsia: hypertension diagnosed after 20 weeks gestation up to 4 weeks postpartum, accompanied by proteinuria and/or other features of end-organ damage. 4) Eclampsia: preeclampsia with seizures. #Hypertension #Pregnancy #Preeclampsia #Eclampsia #Classification #Definitions #Obstetrics #OBGyn

Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age 20 and 50. Positive family history. No features of secondary hypertension. • Long-standing • Uncontrolled • Drug Withdrawal Mislabelled - Repeatedly normal blood pressure when taken at home, work or when using an ambulatory monitor. • White-coat Hypertension • Masked Hypertension Secondary Causes (5%) - Onset age < 20 or > 50 years, No family history. Hypertensive urgency. Resistant hypertension. - Exogenous • Corticosteroids • Oral Contraceptive Pills • Cocaine • Black licorice • Medications - Renal • Renal parenchymal disease - CKD, AKI, Glomerulonephritis • Renovascular disease (unilateral and bilateral renal artery stenosis) - Mechanical • Aortic coarctation • Obstructive Sleep Apnea - Endocrine • Glucocorticoid excess (Cushing syndrome or disease) • Catecholamine excess (pheochromocytoma) • Mineralocorticoid excess (primary aldosteronism) • Hyperthyroidism (mainly systolic hypertension) • Hypothyroidism (mainly diastolic hypertension) • Hyperparathyroidism • Pregnancy (Gestational hypertension) #Hypertension #Primary #Secondary #HTN #Cardiology #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes

Hypertensive retinopathy screening algorithm #Hypertensive #retinopathy #screening #algorithm #hypertension #primarycare