Ravi Singh K @rav7ks
1.1M 733 353
Academic Hospitalist and Program Director @SinaiBmoreIMRes, Medicine clerkship director GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences RMC at Sinai, Clinical reasoning,Simulation and POCUS enthusiast - https://twitter.com/rav7ks
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Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... Neutropenia - recurrent infections ... Idiopathic • Infections ... Treatment: ... #oncology #hematology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... deficiency Infections ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
• Chronic lung ... autoimmune hemolytic anemia ... : • Nephrotic syndrome ... (Epstein-Barr syndrome ... hypogammaglobulinemia #immunology #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
petechiae) • Frequent infections ... • Parvovirus infection ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
Lady Windermere Syndrome ... : • Syndrome of ... Hematologic malignancy ... Bone Marrow - Anemia ... differential #diagnosis #infectiousdiseases
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
Diagnosis • Infectious ... CA, small cell lung ... Vascular: Budd-chiari syndrome ... Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
- Hemolytic anemia ... SLE) - Viral infections ... Kasabach-Merritt syndrome ... APLS • Acute Infectious ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
rash) • Heart, lung ... SLE], AOSD) • Infection ... with leukopenia, anemia ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids ... Diagnosis #Management #Hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... Internal (RBC) - Infections ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... • Symptoms of anemia ... • hemolytic anemia ... disease #hemolytic #anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis