HEART Score - Mnemonic for Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE) History: 0 points - Slightly Suspicious 1 points - Moderately Suspicious 2 points - Highly Suspicious EKG: 0 points - Normal EKG 1 points - Non-specific repolarization disturbance 2 points - Significant ST deviation Age: 0 points - Age <45 1 points - Age 45–64 2 points - Age ≥65 Risk Factors: 0 points - No known risk factors 1 points - 1-2 risk factors 2 points - ≥3 risk factors or history of atherosclerotic disease Troponin: 0 points - ≤ normal limit 1 points - 1-3x normal limit 2 points - >3x normal limit Score - 6-Week risk of MACE Low (0-3) - 0.9 - 1.7% Moderate (4-6) - 12 - 16.6% High (7-10) - 50 - 65% High Risk History Features: Retrosternal, pressure, radiation to jaw/shoulder/arms, duration 5–15 min, exertional, perspiration, diaphoresis, improvement with nitrates, patient recognizes symptoms. Low Risk History Features: Well localized, sharp, non-exertional, reproducible with palpation. Risk Factors: HTN, Hyperlipidemia, Diabetes, Obesity, Smoking, Family History #HEART #Score #Mnemonic #MACE #diagnosis #cardiology

Important Biostatistics and Epidemiology Equations Sensitivity = TP / (TP + FN) = true positives / disease present Specificity = TN / (FP + TN) = true negatives / disease absent Positive Predictive Value = TP / (TP + FP) = true positives / all positives Negative Predictive Value = TN / (FN + TN) = true negatives / all negatives Positive Likelihood Ratio = Sensitivity / (1 – Specificity) Negative Likelihood Ratio = (1 – Sensitivity) / Specificity Sensitivity vs Specificity Mnemonic: - Sensitivity = SNOUT = Rule OUT - Specificity = SPIN = Rule IN #Biostatistics #statistics #Epidemiology #Equations #calculations #diagnosis #mnemonic #sensitivity #specificity #PPV #NPV