Dr. Michael Chew @mchew85
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GrepMed Gastroenterology-Hepatology Editor, Academic Hospitalist UC Davis Medical Center Internal Medicine, Yale Gastroenterology Fellow '22
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Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Management
A. Initiate therapy 
 - Initiate 1st line therapy with UDCA (13-15
Primary Biliary ... 1.5x ULN and/or abnormal ... disease #PBC #Primary ... #Biliary #Cirrhosis
Causes of Severe Acute Liver Injury
 - Ichemic hepatitis
 - Acute biliary obstruction
 - Drug-Induced liver
hepatitis - Acute biliary ... Hemochromatosis - Primary ... biliary cholangitis
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
Environmental Risk Factors: Geographic location, Smoking, Microbial triggers, Xenobiotics, Nail polish
Epigentics Risk
Primary Biliary ... inflammation and biliary ... Cholestasis #PBC #Primary ... #Biliary #Cirrhosis
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
Symptoms: Fatigue, Pruritus, Right upper quadrant discomfort
Signs: Jaundice, Xanthelasmata, Hepatomegaly
Associated history:
Primary Biliary ... with PBC #PBC #Primary ... #Biliary #Cirrhosis
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
congenital - Primary ... biliary cirrhosis
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
Benign/malignant biliary ... obstruction, Primary ... biliary cholangitis ... , Primary sclerosing
Gallstone Diseases
1. Asymptomatic Stones 75%
2. Biliary Pain 20%
3. Acute Cholecystitis 10%
4. Mirizzi's Syndrome < 0.1%
5. Cholangitis/
Biliary Pain 20%
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
Abnormal liver function ... initial response to abnormal ... *Abnormal USS may ... include extrahepatic biliary ... #LFTs #Abnormal
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Diagnosis Algorithm

#Primary #Biliary #Cirrhosis #PBC #Diagnosis #Algorithm #hepatology
Primary Biliary ... Algorithm #Primary ... #Biliary #Cirrhosis
Difficult Selective Biliary Cannulation (SBC)
Factors associated with difficult SBC:
 - SMALL PAPILLA: can be difficult to
Difficult Selective Biliary ... site - OTHERS: biliary ... #Selective #Biliary