Dr. Michael Chew @mchew85
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GrepMed Gastroenterology-Hepatology Editor, Academic Hospitalist UC Davis Medical Center Internal Medicine, Yale Gastroenterology Fellow '22
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Causes of Severe Acute Liver Injury
 - Ichemic hepatitis
 - Acute biliary obstruction
 - Drug-Induced liver
Causes of Severe ... hepatitis - Acute biliary ... Hemochromatosis - Primary biliary ... Severe #Acute #Causes ... #Differential #Hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
Environmental Risk Factors: Geographic location, Smoking, Microbial triggers, Xenobiotics, Nail polish
Epigentics Risk
Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology ... inflammation and biliary ... #PBC #Primary #Biliary ... #hepatology
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
congenital - Primary biliary ... #Differential #Hepatology ... #Cirrhosis #Causes
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Drugs and Classes Associated with DILI and Type of Liver Injury

#Medications #Differential #DrugInduced #LiverInjury #Hepatology #Pharmacology
Drugs and Classes ... #LiverInjury #Hepatology ... #Pharmacology #Causes
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Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
 - Ascites Formation
 - Dilutional Hyponatremia
 - Hepatorenal Syndrome
 - Spontaneous Infections

#Cirrhosis #Pathophysiology
Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology ... #Cirrhosis #Pathophysiology ... #hepatology #liver
Functions of the Liver

Storage 
Degradation 
Metabolism 
Synthesis 

#Pathophysiology #Functions #Liver #Hepatology #Synthesis #Storage #Metabolism
Synthesis #Pathophysiology ... Functions #Liver #Hepatology
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
for alternative causes ... Benign/malignant biliary ... obstruction, Primary biliary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
Symptoms: Fatigue, Pruritus, Right upper quadrant discomfort
Signs: Jaundice, Xanthelasmata, Hepatomegaly
Associated history:
Primary Biliary ... #PBC #Primary #Biliary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hepatology
Gallstone Diseases
1. Asymptomatic Stones 75%
2. Biliary Pain 20%
3. Acute Cholecystitis 10%
4. Mirizzi's Syndrome < 0.1%
5. Cholangitis/
Biliary Pain 20% ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Table of Causes of Acute Liver Injury
#Diagnosis #Hepatology #Acute #Liver #Injury #Causes #Differential #Incidence #Table #Failure
Table of Causes ... Injury #Diagnosis #Hepatology ... Liver #Injury #Causes