Dr. Michael Chew @mchew85
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GrepMed Gastroenterology-Hepatology Editor, Academic Hospitalist UC Davis Medical Center Internal Medicine, Yale Gastroenterology Fellow '22
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Risk factors: Previous acute enteric infection, Female
(IBS) - Pathophysiology ... , Diagnosis and ... factors: Previous acute ... common: Food, Acute ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Severe Acute Liver Injury
 - Ichemic hepatitis
 - Acute biliary obstruction
 - Drug-Induced liver
Causes of Severe Acute ... hepatitis - Acute ... -1 antitrypsin deficiency ... LiverInjury #Severe #Acute ... Differential #Hepatology #Diagnosis
Carcinoid Syndrome - Pathophysiology, Signs and Symptoms
Symptoms: Flushing, diarrhea, palpitations, bronchospasm
Complications: Carcinoid heart, mesenteric fibrosis, pellagra,
Carcinoid Syndrome ... - Pathophysiology ... #Carcinoid #Syndrome ... #Pathophysiology ... Signs #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Functional Dyspepsia - Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management
Risk factors: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Psychological comorbidity, Helicobacter pylori infection,
Functional Dyspepsia - Pathophysiology ... , Diagnosis and ... pylori infection, Acute ... months before diagnosis ... Functional #Dyspepsia #Pathophysiology
Gallstone Diseases
1. Asymptomatic Stones 75%
2. Biliary Pain 20%
3. Acute Cholecystitis 10%
4. Mirizzi's Syndrome < 0.1%
5. Cholangitis/
Acute Cholecystitis ... Mirizzi's Syndrome ... Fistula/Bouveret's Syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis
Gastrointestinal Causes of Iron Deficiency Anemia
 • Mass lesions: Carcinoma, Large polyps
 • Inflammatory: Reflux esophagitis,
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... rubber bleb nevus syndrome ... Gastrointestinal #Iron #Deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
α1-antitrypsin deficiency ... disease (Budd-Chiari syndrome ... 14 percent) #Diagnosis
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
and Sjögren's syndrome ... Transcobalamin II deficiency ... #VitaminB12 #deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis
Non-invasive biomarkers for excessive alcohol use
Acute Alcohol Use Biomarkers:
 - Ethanol
 - Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG) and
excessive alcohol use Acute ... - Carbohydrate deficient ... abuse #laboratory #diagnosis
Ileal Pouch Disorders - Differential Diagnosis
 • Surgical/Mechanical: Anastomotic leak, Pelvic sepsis, Sinus, Fistula, Strictures, Efferent
- Differential Diagnosis ... Efferent limb syndrome ... Afferent limb syndrome ... loss, Vit D/B12 deficiency ... #Differential #Diagnosis