17 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... symptoms/signs, ... • Multiple sclerosis ... #Differential #
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... clinical context and signs ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #AKI #Workup #Algorithm
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... • Meningeal signs ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
or proteinase 3 ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... , particularly scleritis ... purpura: strong sign ... are proteinase 3
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
fifth decades. 3. ... Syndrome usually ... Multiple sclerosis ... signs or symptoms ... Vertigo #Causes #differential
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... Infectious: Leprosy 3. ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... #Weakness #Differential ... #Diagnosis #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... , Aspergillus 3. ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... #algorithm
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... , particularly scleritis ... purpura: Strong sign ... • Progressive symptoms ... or proteinase 3
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
of UMN and LMN signs ... of UMN and LMN signs ... both UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in ... #neurology #diagnosis