77 results
Evaluation of Secondary Hypertension
 • Primary aldosteronism - PRA, PAC
 • Renal artery stenosis - Renal
Evaluation of Secondary ... - PRA, PAC • Renal ... artery stenosis ... - Renal artery ... Evaluation #workup #diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... - RBC casts → Diagnostic ... artery embolism
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
- Differential Diagnosis ... and bilateral renal ... artery stenosis ... excess (Cushing syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia with secondary ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... suggests either secondary ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal ... #differential #diagnosis
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal ... Syndrome Definition ... Differential Diagnosis ... polyangiitis, Microscopic ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
- Differential Diagnosis ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... thromboembolism, renal ... artery stenosis ... nephropathy • Secondary
Salmonella Aspiration on Microscopy

66 y/o male with history of coronary artery disease presents with abdominal pain.
Aspiration on Microscopy ... history of coronary artery ... Diagnosis ? ... Is usually secondary ... Salmonella #Aspiration #Microscopy
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework Pre-Renal ... Artery Stenosis ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Secondary causes of Hypertension
 • Medications, Drugs, Chemo: NSAIDS, Steroids, CNI, Alcohol, Cocaine, OCP, Licorice, MAOI,
Secondary causes ... Pseudoephedrine • Primary Renal ... , Geller syndrome ... @kdjhaveri #Secondary ... #differential #diagnosis