11 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... fresh at time of microscopy ... renal disease ... • “Muddy brown cast ... #Atlas #key #diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... basement membrane disease ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... Diagnostic of GN or vasculitis ... of glomerular disease
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
symptomatology Differential ... ANCA-positive vasculitis ... polyangiitis, Microscopic ... ANCA-negative vasculitis ... #Syndrome #differential
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Disease Associations ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential # ... Microscopy #Diagnosis
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
Anti-dsDNA (in 70% of cases ... seen in 30—70% of cases ... • Sjögren syndrome ... : • Microscopic ... vasculitis - MPO
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential ... pulmonary and renal ... PR3-ANCA): • Microscopic ... Dx: GPA, EGPA, microscopic ... • Urinalysis (Renal
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... at least 50% Renal ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... Obstruction • Cast ... polyangiitis /microscopic
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis ... polyangiitis), MPA (microscopic ... FINDINGS: • U/A: microscopic ... hematuria, RBC casts ... #Syndromes #differential
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
• Heavy Chain disease ... cryocrystalglobulin GN -C3 GN • Cast ... Sneddon-Wilkinson disease ... vascular beds-renal ... Hematology #Monoclonal #Differential
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... pulmonary and renal ... Differential Diagnosis ... (PR3-ANCA)): Microscopic ... • Cogan syndrome