13 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine sediment Microscopic ... urine sediment by microscopy ... pain hematuria syndrome ... pain + gross or microscopic ... hematuria: - RBC casts
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... heme-granular casts ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential #Microscopy
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Summary Autoimmune ... polyangiitis), MPA (microscopic ... FINDINGS: • U/A: microscopic ... hematuria, RBC casts ... #diagnosis #management
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
ANA (Antinuclear ... Anti-dsDNA (in 70% of cases ... seen in 30—70% of cases ... • Sjögren syndrome ... Vasculitis: • Microscopic
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Management Summary ... iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... Cast formation: ... #Summary #causes
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Management Summary ... extrapulmonary cases ... of AFB by smear microscopy ... Management: ... #Summary
Staphylococcus-associated GlomeruloNephritis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
CLINICAL
 • Nephritic syndrome (Casts)
 • Marked proteinuria (may be
Management Summary ... • Nephritic syndrome ... (Casts) • Marked ... • Often severe renal ... available • Renal
Cyclosporiasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Pathogen: 
 • Cyclospora cayetanensis
 • Foodborne, waterbone, and soil-transmitted.
 •
Management Summary ... Foodborne, waterbone, and ... • Unsporulated cysts ... Established via stool microscopy ... cayetanensis #diagnosis #management
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Management Summary ... countries (11-24 cases ... possibly renal ... • Heerfordt syndrome ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Management
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Diagnosis Framework and ... Management Summary ... - Compartment syndrome ... Cast formation: ... Differential #Diagnosis #Management