9 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... urine sediment Microscopic ... urine sediment by microscopy ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #urine #blood
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... disease Red blood ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential #Microscopy
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
ANA (Antinuclear ... Anti-dsDNA (in 70% of cases ... seen in 30—70% of cases ... • Sjögren syndrome ... Vasculitis: • Microscopic
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Summary Autoimmune ... EGPA) • Auto-antibodies ... reveals increasing blood ... hematuria, RBC casts ... #diagnosis #management
Borrelia recurrentis on Peripheral Blood Smear
23M Somali refugee recently arrived w/severe abd pain, confusion and fever
resolved after 2-3d ... Several cases have ... Syndrome: 3d of ... convalescent antibodies ... recurrentis #BloodSmear #microscopy
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary ... - Compartment syndrome ... UA positive for blood ... Cast formation: ... Differential #Diagnosis #Management
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
renal abnormalities ... ): • Microscopic ... LFT • ESR • ANA ... Dx: GPA, EGPA, microscopic ... ) pattern: antibodies
Amyloidosis - Summary
Group of disorders associated with extracellular deposition of fibrils formed from low-molecular-weight proteins in
Amyloidosis - Summary ... Manifestations: Renal ... : • Nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnostic Testing Blood ... polarized light microscopy
Fever After International Travel

Infectious Disease:
• Endemic in either the destination or home region

Viral Syndromes:
Arboviral infections, a
renal dysfunction ... falciparum: Most cases ... during the U.S. summer ... • Blood culture; ... dipstick test, microscopic