12 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine sediment Microscopic ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... Diagnostic of GN or vasculitis ... microscopic and ... #urology #nephrology
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
Anti-dsDNA (in 70% of cases ... seen in 30—70% of cases ... • Sjögren syndrome ... Microscopic polyangiitis ... antibodies #diagnosis #rheumatology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
dipstick, urine microscopy ... osmolarity If cause ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... syndrome: troponin
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts ... #Differential #Microscopy
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
): • Microscopic ... often causes arthritis ... LFT • ESR • ANA ... Dx: GPA, EGPA, microscopic ... differential #diagnosis #rheumatology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
vasculitis (AAV ... polyangiitis), MPA (microscopic ... Goodpasture's cause ... FINDINGS: • U/A: microscopic ... hematuria, RBC casts
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• They can cause ... Cryoglobulins Cause ... Hyperviscosity Syndrome ... - GPA, EGPA, microscopic ... classification #rheumatology
Dermatologic Manifestations of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA)

Skin involvement in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is common and
GPA causes disease ... • Pauci-immune vasculitis ... Polyarteritis nodosa • Microscopic ... • Goodpasture syndrome ... rash #diagnosis #rheumatology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
renal abnormalities ... )): Microscopic ... often causes arthritis ... • Cogan syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Rheumatology
Borrelia recurrentis on Peripheral Blood Smear
23M Somali refugee recently arrived w/severe abd pain, confusion and fever
resolved after 2-3d ... Northeast Africa with cases ... Several cases have ... Syndrome: 3d of ... recurrentis #BloodSmear #microscopy