9 results
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
ANA (Antinuclear ... Anti-dsDNA (in 70% of cases ... seen in 30—70% of cases ... • Sjögren syndrome ... Vasculitis: • Microscopic
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... microscopic and ... #urology #nephrology ... blood
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Investigations: full blood ... dipstick, urine microscopy ... osmolarity If cause ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits: ANCA ... , ANA, Anti-GBM,
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts ... #Differential #Microscopy
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
renal abnormalities ... ): • Microscopic ... often causes arthritis ... LFT • ESR • ANA ... Dx: GPA, EGPA, microscopic
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Summary Autoimmune ANCA ... polyangiitis), MPA (microscopic ... Auto-antibodies: ANCA ... reveals increasing blood ... hematuria, RBC casts
Borrelia recurrentis on Peripheral Blood Smear
23M Somali refugee recently arrived w/severe abd pain, confusion and fever
resolved after 2-3d ... Northeast Africa with cases ... Several cases have ... Syndrome: 3d of ... recurrentis #BloodSmear #microscopy
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
renal abnormalities ... pulses, bruits, or blood ... Pauci Immune (ANCA ... )): Microscopic ... often causes arthritis
Fever After International Travel

Infectious Disease:
• Endemic in either the destination or home region

Viral Syndromes:
Arboviral infections, a
renal dysfunction ... falciparum: Most cases ... renal function ... • Blood culture; ... dipstick test, microscopic