62 results
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome ... • Labs: CBC, cr ... , anti-CCP • CXR ... infiltrates) → high ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Anterior Cord Syndrome ... proprioception, and light ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #orthopedics #neurology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... immature blasts and high ... , dyspnea, +/- CXR ... : • Pathophysiology ... acid, Elevated Cr
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Prader-Willi Syndrome ... Pathogenesis and clinical ... =>Prader-Willi Syndrome ... , sleep apnea, cor ... #genetics #pathophysiology
Locked-In Syndrome on Physical Exam

56 year-old male with acute onset altered sensorium. Suffered a cardiac arrest
Locked-In Syndrome ... Brief CPR and intubated ... #LockedIn #Syndrome ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... #video #neurology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... 5 or elevated Cr ... common • Imaging: CXR ... Differentiation #Syndrome
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Shift: Refeeding Syndrome ... Tumor Genesis Syndrome ... Inappropriately High ... Carboxymaltose, CAR-T ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ... , asthenia • Neurologic ... rash, pruritus, weight ... #SideEffects #Pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... Diarrhea A urine K/Cr ... urinary losses: • High ... , Gitelman syndrome ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
Pathogenesis and clinical ... share the same pathophysiology ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... tolerance • Weight ... endocrinology #pathophysiology