11 results
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Complex: Systemic lupus ... • Labs: CBC, cr ... , anti-CCP • CXR ... infiltrates) → high ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
inflammatory cells) Clinical ... : • Disease fatal ... exertion • Neurologic ... Subcutaneous nodules, lupus ... Diagnosis #Symptoms #Signs
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical ... Demyelinating Syndrome ... Cerebrovascular Disease ... #rheumatology # ... cerebritis #diagnosis #management
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Clinical Features ... Demyelinating syndromes ... pain (20%) Renal disease ... erythematosus #signs ... symptoms #diagnosis #rheumatology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... (Clinical Dx). ... #diagnosis #management ... #signs #symptoms ... #rheumatology #
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
inflammation Others: • Lupus ... • Cogan Syndrome ... such as systemic lupus ... purpura: strong sign ... differential #diagnosis #rheumatology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... renal failure Clinical ... e.g. incidental CXR ... skin (16-32%): lupus ... #Signs #Symptoms
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... affects the skin, neurologic ... cognitive impairment, neurologic ... vasculitis • Cogan syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Rheumatology
Rheumatology Workup - Laboratories Studies in Rheumatic Diseases

• Septic arthritis - Gram stain and culture of
Rheumatology Workup ... Compensated polarized light ... joint • Systemic lupus ... titer, ACE level, CXR ... ANA and RF (if clinical
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
symptoms • Rheumatologic ... has five major clinical ... DX relies on a high ... fungal stain of clinical ... Fungal #Diagnosis #Management