200 results
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Causes of Metabolic ... Chloride depletion syndromes ... - Bartter syndrome ... - Gitelman syndrome ... • Liddle syndrome
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Aldosterone: Liddle's Syndrome ... SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... Nephrotic yndrome—podocyte ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndromes ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
in Wonderland Syndrome ... (Many causes!) ... * (most common cause ... Alice #Wonderland #Syndrome ... #diagnosis #neurology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndrome ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Diuretics, Bartter Syndrome ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome ... #Causes
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... during hypoxic metabolism ... with short bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
BEE Syndromes - ... Inflammatory causes ... : • Susac syndrome ... • Sjögren syndrome ... #neurology #inflammatory
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm
- GI Losses
- Redistribution
- 1° HPT
- 1° Renal PO4 wasting: Hereditary, TIO, Fanconi Syndrome,
Redistribution - 1° HPT ... , TIO, Fanconi Syndrome ... #differential #nephrology
Marcus Gunn Phenomenon - Jaw Winking Syndrome

Jaw-winking syndrome is thought to be caused by abnormal innervation
- Jaw Winking Syndrome ... Jaw-winking syndrome ... thought to be caused ... #Jaw #Winking #Syndrome ... clinical #video #neurology