26 results
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
Causes of Primary ... - Ramsay Hunt syndrome ... Nerve V: • TMJ syndrome ... the following symptoms ... • Associated symptoms
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ACTH-Dependent (Secondary):
 • Pituitary Dysfunction
 • Hypothalamic Dysfunction
ACTH-Independent (Primary):
ACTH-Independent (Primary ... Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome ... • Infectious: ... Disseminated Fungal, HIV/AIDS ... #endocrinology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Disorders: • Infection ... tuberculosis, fungal infections ... • Abdominal pain ... • Back pain ... addisons #disease #endocrinology
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
: • Primary pulmonary ... chills, muscle aches ... , joint pain, chest ... pain • Rarely, ... yeast • At risk: AIDS
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... dysfunction SPINE Mnemonic ... - Emergency Causes ... • primary and
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
Management Summary Primary ... : TB, fungal infection ... ketoconazole, etomidate) Symptoms ... hypophysitis, Sheehan's syndrome ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... inflammation Symptoms ... weight • Chest pain ... Most Common Causes ... TB, NTM, PNA • Primary
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... epidural hematoma • Infection ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... reflexes) • Urinary
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
wasting, radicular pain ... dysfunction, back pain ... Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... lymphadenopathy, pulmonary ... • Caused by immune
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... Infarction - Infection ... Lower motor neuron symptoms ... Upper motor neuron symptoms ... involved - Urinary