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The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
-
cysts (LAM, LIP ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest ... Differential #Diagram #Comparison ... Emphysema #SignetRing #RadiologyAssistant
Radiologists use many terms to describe areas of decreased density or lucencies within the lung, like
, like cyst, cavity ... we describe a chest ... visible wall #CXR ... #Cyst #Lung #Pulmonary ... #Diagnosis #Radiology
Cavities frequently arise within a mass or an area of consolidation as a result of necrosis.
We
the surrounding lung ... associated pulmonary ... Clinical #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #CTChest #Cavity ... #Comparison #RadiologyAssistant
There is a hydropneumothorax.
Notice the air-fluid level (blue arrow).
The upper lobe is still attached to the
attached to the chest ... airways leading to pulmonary ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #Pneumothorax ... Lymphangioleiomyomatosis #LAM #RadiologyAssistant
Differential diagnosis on HRCT
Most of our knowledge about imaging findings in interstitial lung disease comes from
in interstitial lung ... When the cysts have ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CXR ... #Differential #RadiologyAssistant
Stage I - Redistribution
In a normal chest film with the patient standing erect, the pulmonary vessels
In these cases comparison ... during a period of CHF ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Cephalization ... Redistribution #RadiologyAssistant
Lung infarction
In pulmonar embolism it is not common to see consolidation.
The consolidation is a result of
Lung infarction ... cyst has formed ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CTChest # ... PulmonaryEmbolism #RadiologyAssistant
Notice that even within each lobe there is a gravity dependent difference in density.
This is only
#Clinical #Radiology ... #CTChest #CHF # ... Alveolar #Pulmonary ... #Edema #AlveolarEdema ... #RadiologyAssistant
On the left a patient with CHF. 
There is an increase in heart size compared to
redistribution of pulmonary ... , interstitial edema ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Exacerbation ... #Comparison #RadiologyAssistant
There are three principal varieties of pulmonary edema: cardiac, overhydration and increased capillary permeability (ARDS). 
The
edema: cardiac, ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Vascular ... Pedicle #Width #Comparison ... VascularPedicleWidth #RadiologyAssistant