13 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... to GBM disruption ... hyperlipidemia edema ... diabetes)) #Glomerular ... #Diseases #Nephritic
Spectrum of Glomerular Diseases
Nephrotic - Mechanism:
 • Injury to podocytes
 • Changed architecture: Scanning. Deposition of
Spectrum of Glomerular ... Diseases Nephrotic ... • Breaks in GBM ... #Diseases #differential ... nephritic #nephrotic #comparison
Summary of characteristic abnormalities of selected glomerular diseases
Light Microscopy (LM) - Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM) - Electron
abnormalities of selected glomerular ... Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome ... Nephrotic syndrome ... polyangiitis #glomerular ... #pathology #comparison
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome ... Hemoptysis, Peripheral edema ... , Disease-specific ... sclerosis • Anti-Glomerular ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Cytomegalovirus; GBM ... hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... impairment), heart disease ... diagnosis cluster, the diseases ... proteinuria #nephrotic #syndrome
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Encephalopathy Syndrome ... Clinico-Radiological Syndrome ... Shock, Autoimmune disease ... circulation: MCA ACA ... watershed territories
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV ... Metabolic: Wilson Disease ... Vascular: Budd-chiari syndrome ... Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome ... See Updated Schema
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
• Fanconi's syndrome ... • Drugs Glomerular ... proliferative • Anti-GBM ... Minimal change disease
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
formation along glomerular ... (Dense deposit disease ... immune deposits on EM ... anti-phospholipid syndrome
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
glomerulonephritis) • Anti-GBM ... Vasculitis - Skin, glomeruli ... : - Kidneys: glomerular ... VASCULITIS: • Behçet Syndrome ... • Cogan Syndrome