19 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... distal tubule. ↑ Nacl ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Kidney loss of Cl ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic ... Fractional excretion of Cl ... - Normal Renal Ultrasound ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... Excessive vomiting - Metabolic ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology