11 results
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... Kidney Stones Acute ... Recurrence: • For ALL ... #Management #Pediatrics ... #nephrology #nephrolithiasis
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... • Exogenous (KCL ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #medications #druginduced
Pediatric Primitive Reflexes - Maneuver and Ages

Palmar Grasp Reflex
 - Place your fingers into the baby's
Pediatric Primitive ... baby will flex all ... the base of the toes ... The toes curl. ... Peds #Diagnosis #Neurology
Numerous drugs taken by elderly persons can affect water balance by direct action on the kidney
#Diagnosis #Pharmacology ... #Geriatrics #Hyponatremia ... #Medications #DrugInduced ... #List #Differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... - Hyperosmolar states ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... - Hyperosmolar states ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... potassium #high #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... insipidus • Kidney stones ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #
Nephrolithiasis: Medications Associated with Renal Stones
 • Hypercalciuria: Furosemide, Topiramate, Vitamin D/Calcium, Glucocorticoids
 • Precipitation of
Associated with Renal Stones ... Medications #Renal #Stones ... #pharmacology # ... differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Causes of Kidney Stones ... Causes #Kidney #Stones ... #pediatrics #nephrology ... #differential #
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... Motor/Sensory: • Tone ... stimulation to all ... #PhysicalExam #neurology