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algorithm syndrome potassium causes chloride encephalopathy hyperkalemia hypochloremia k low neonatal neonate neurology pediatrics polydipsia posterior pres primary reversible sick
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Pathophysiology ... distal tubule. ↑ Nacl ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... #Differential # ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Differential # ... #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... urine #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup Blood Work: - Hypokalemia - Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic Alkalosis - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... : - Hypokalemia ... Fractional excretion of Cl ... dr_missyhanna #Gitelman ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... reabsorption) Workup ... Ca-gluconate or 1g CaCl ... #Diagnosis #Management ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... circulation: MCA ACA ... Reversible course Differential ... Seizures: Treat with AEDs ... #management #neurology
Approach to the Sick Neonate (<1 month age) 1) Bring to Warmer, Call for Help 2) Apply Monitors
Start Empiric Management ... 7) Do Work Up Differential ... Diagnosis - THE ... Heart (SVT, CHD), Hypovolemia ... #diagnosis #peds
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