21 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Sensory loss below ... bladder and rectal reflex ... #Syndromes #diagnosis ... symptoms #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... , Early ALS Generalized ... Eclampsia, Late ALS ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... • Locked-in syndrome ... Awareness • Injury ... brainstem Motor/Sensory ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Principal patterns of loss of sensation.
 (a) Thalamic lesion: sensory loss throughout opposite side (rare).
Brown—Séquard syndrome ... lesion: loss of all ... #Diagnosis #Neurology ... GrepMed Recommended Text ... Review in Clinical Neurology
Mechanisms of Pain
Mixed - Nociceptive/Neuropathic
Nociceptive - Tissue Damage
 - Visceral - (From organ/cavity lining) Poorly localized,
regional pain syndrome ... • Spinal injury ... Pain #Mechanisms #Neurology ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
the pupillary reflex ... very sensitive diagnostic ... afferent pathway injury ... Pupillary #Defect #Neurology ... #Clinical #Video
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Motor Nerves: ALS ... Guillain-Barre syndrome ... Phrenic nerve injury ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
and/or genital sensory ... Differential Diagnosis ... • Provocative Tests ... absent anal wink test ... #causes #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... at the level of sensory ... in deep tendon reflexes ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
and Myotomes Reflexes ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... fibular neck such as ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory