10 results
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Coronary Artery ... - Most Common Cause ... Minor: • < 25% stenosis ... Presence of embolic risk ... #diagnosis #differential
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
and Left Atrial ... stenosis is a risk ... of underlying cardiac ... #Atrial #Thrombus ... #clinical #cardiology
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Dyspnea - Differential ... • Effusion • Cardiac ... Valvular • Stenosis ... Artery Disease ... Arrhythmia • Atrial
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve thrombus ... occur 10—20 years after ... #differential # ... cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
with an increased risk ... of developing atrial ... mmHg developed atrial ... • Increased risk ... #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Cardiac: • Valvular ... cardiovascular risk ... Anticoagulation ≥4 weeks after ... severe mitral stenosis ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVC's) - Summary Framework

Why PVCs?  Can be the first manifestation of cardiac
manifestation of cardiac ... including: • Coronary ... artery disease ... Hypertension, LV ... #cardiology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
exam Determine Cardiac ... dysfunction or LV ... one post op Cardiology ... Severe Aortic stenosis ... • Preoperative coronary
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
exclude other causes ... Differential Diagnosis ... thrombus, RV systolic ... and timing with Cardio-OB ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
Palpitations - Differential ... insufficiency, stenosis ... Standing up straight after ... #Palpitations #Cardiology ... #Differential #