15 results
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
of the cell -> Bilateral ... detachment • Red Eye ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... Lower motor neuron symptoms ... involved - Bilateral ... (more commonly bilateral ... syndromes #lesions #differential
Floaters - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
Vitreous Floaters:
• Microscopic collagen fibers within the vitreous that tend to clump
Floaters - Differential ... Retinal Detachment: Symptoms ... colored lights, bilateral ... hypotension - bilateral ... Diagnosis #Ocular #ophthalmology
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
photophobia - Bilateral ... headache: - Bilateral ... - Autonomic symptoms ... Disorder of the eyes ... #Neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential ... findings: • Symptoms ... Tract Lesions: • Bilateral ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... #differential
Intermittent Bilateral Exophthalmos (Alternating Exophthalmos and Enophthalmos) on Physical Exam

Observing this patient in silence for a
Intermittent Bilateral ... this patient- bilateral ... symptoms which ... Differentials for ... #Alternating #Bilateral
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... Sciatica: often bilateral ... Examination - bilateral ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Red Eye - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
Redness in the eye can be caused by many conditions and
Red Eye - Differential ... Questions to Ask: • Unilateral ... or bilateral symptoms ... #ocular #differential ... #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
Amyotrophic Lateral ... pathologic finding of lateral ... sclerosis Pathophysiology ... (3) primary lateral ... #Amyotrophic #Lateral
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... lesion • Bilateral ... signs and/or symptoms ... diagnosis #management #neurology ... #differential