12 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... Airway Disease (Asthma ... , COPD) • Vascular ... Abnormalities #Hypoxemia ... #Hypoxia #Differential
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Dyspnea - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... Obstruction • Asthma
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... direction leads to hypoxemia ... , asthma, COPD, ... hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Respiratory #Failure #hypoxia
Causes of Chronic Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Abnormal Chest X-Ray:
 • Chronic Infection (Eg. Fungal, Tuberculosis)
Causes of Chronic ... FVC < LLN): • Asthma ... • COPD Upper ... Upper Airway Cough Syndrome ... Lower Airway: • Asthma
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Dysrhythmia
 • Ischemia
 • Cardiomyopathy
 • Valvular disease
Causes of Dyspnea ... Superior vena cava syndrome ... Bronchitis • Chronic ... pulmonary disease • Asthma ... #Causes
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
Acid Base and Blood ... obstruction • COPD ... , asthma, ↓ Drive ... alkalosis drive • Hypoxemia ... acidbase #workup #algorithm
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... , pain, fever, hypoxia ... with associated hypoxia ... lung disease (COPD ... , OSA, Asthma, Obesity
COPD phenotypes:  Blue Bloaters vs. Pink Puffers
The two most stereotypical forms of COPD are pink
PaCO2, causing chronic ... dyspnea (eventually ... is similar to asthma ... syndrome. ... airflow obstruction causes
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Differential Diagnosis of Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders
Alkalosis
A. Central nervous system stimulation: Pain, Anxiety, psychosis, Fever, Cerebrovascular accident,
Respiratory Acid-Base ... Hypoxemia or tissue ... hypoxia: High altitude ... : Obstruction, Asthma ... respiratory distress syndrome
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
consider infarction, hypoxia ... hyperventilation syndrome—a ... dyspnea and dizziness ... asthma, chronic ... bronchitis, and COPD