23 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... Assess volume status ... renal failure #Hypernatremia ... #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Treatment Algorithm

CHF, Cirrhosis - Fluid restriction
SIADH - Fluid restriction
 - Consider salt tablets if etiology
Hyponatremia Treatment ... Algorithm CHF ... improved volume status ... DrEricStrong #Hyponatremia ... #Treatment #Algorithm
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... According to Volume Status ... - Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... - Normovolemic hypernatremia ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... Extrarenal Hypernatremia ... Ingestion Renal Hypernatremia ... MatthewHoMD #Hypernatremia ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypo-osmolar Hypotonic HypoNatremia Algorithm (Serum Na+ < 135 meq/L, serum Osm < 275 mosm/kg)
Assess Volume Status,
Hypo-osmolar Hypotonic HypoNatremia ... Algorithm (Serum ... Assess Volume Status ... Urine Osm #Hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Differential
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
True Hyponatremia ... addition) of volume status ... and hypervolemic hyponatremia ... low in euvolemic hyponatremia ... kidney_boy #True #Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia Management Algorithm
Acute vs Chronic
Calculate Losses
 • Current water Deficit
 • Ongoing Free water Losses
 •
Hypernatremia Management ... Algorithm Acute ... Medicine @SCVMCMed #Hypernatremia ... #Management #Algorithm ... #treatment #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia ... irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... , Medications (diuretics ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Hypernatremia ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... Hyperventilation #Hypernatremia ... #Nephrology #Differential