41 results
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
dysrhythmias Hypokalemia ... • Renal potassium ... metabolism • Hypocalcemia ... Hypomagnesemia #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Diabetes Insipidus vs Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH (SIADH) - Comparison Table

Diabetes Insipidus - Inadequate ADH
SIADH -
Comparison #Table #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Primary vs Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency - Pathophysiology
Primary AI = adrenal glands themselves are the problem. This
Insufficiency - Pathophysiology ... Primary AI = adrenal ... Secondary AI = the ... Insufficiency #Pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Reduced libido • Signs ... /dL -> Primary AI ... ug/dL Primary AI ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Symptoms and Signs of Hypocalcemia
Muscular: Weakness, fatigue, Spasms, cramps
Neurologic: Tetany, Chvostek sign, Trousseau sign, Circumoral and
Symptoms and Signs ... of Hypocalcemia ... secretion #Hypocalcemia ... #Symptoms #Signs ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
the etiology Signs ... /Symptoms: - Pretibial ... GravesDisease #pathophysiology ... #endocin #endocrinology ... #symptoms #signs
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Activation of AKT ... activates lipolysis Signs ... /Symptoms: • GH ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia - 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs and Symptoms
 • Brain: Androgenization effects, Glucocorticoid effects,
Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs ... and Symptoms • ... Hydroxylase #Deficiency #Signs ... #Symptoms #diagnosis ... #endocrinology
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Phosphate Physical Symptoms ... : Commonly no signs ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
: • Triad of symptoms ... urine • Other symptoms ... declines > ALT) • AKI ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... + myoglobin AKI