16 results
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... autosomal recessive salt-losing ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Management
Treatment includes
 - Electrolyte replacement - K & Mg, preferably Cl salts
Gitelman Syndrome ... Mg, preferably Cl ... food - Liberal salt ... In persistent hypokalemia ... #Treatment #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... salt-losing tubulopathies ... diuretic abuse • Salt ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... • Cell shift: Hypokalemic ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... : - Hypokalemia ... Fractional excretion of Cl ... dr_missyhanna #Gitelman ... #Workup #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... and Management ... reabsorption) Workup ... #Diagnosis #Management ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework and Management ... urine output: 200 ml ... #Management #causes ... #treatment #nephrology
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia
Acute Hyperkalemia:
 - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Algorithm for Management ... Acute Hyperkalemia ... counseling (avoid salt ... #Algorithm #Management ... Chronic #treatment #nephrology
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
If indicated, start ... tube ❹ Rapid diagnosis ... • Diagnostic ... Plan definitive management ... #Management #Workup