17 results
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Iron Deficiency ... Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... and iron release Diagnosis ... #heartfailure #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... • Autoimmune diseases ... Adult-onset Still disease ... Cellular immune deficiency ... #management #treatment
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
decompensated liver disease ... Multiple myeloma, CML ... Primary carnitine deficiency ... #Ammonia #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Insufficiency Addison's Disease ... Symptoms: • Salt ... Serum DHEAS Diagnosis ... Administer 250 mcg ... endocrinology #diagnosis
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
If indicated, start ... • Diagnostic ... Plan definitive management ... Cardiac #Tamponade #Anesthesiology ... #Management #Workup
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency ... to IBD, celiac disease ... level (< 200 pg/mL ... consider other diagnosis ... #diagnosis #management
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
protein C and S Pathophysiology ... • Severe Liver Disease ... thrombopoietin deficiency ... #Coagulation #diagnosis ... causes #treatment #management
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
and Management ... Person Syndrome Pathophysiology ... Anti-GAD Ab (>1000u/ml ... Baclofen • Severe Disease ... #Management #treatment
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Unexplained hypotension
• Unexplained bronchospasm (wheeze may be absent
Stop or do not start ... 4 ⓫ Take 5-10 ml ... #Anaphylaxis #Anesthesiology ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Always start with ... in 100 mL boluses ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... #Treatment #management