2539 results
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Chemistry Tests - AST ... , ALT, Alkaline ... and ALT: • AST ... cytoplasmic (CAST) • ALT ... Bilirubin #Hepatology #Pathophysiology
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... Findings: • ↑AST ... /ALT (5-10x ULN) ... Cr, ↓Glucose, ↓PLT ... diagnosis #management #pathophysiology
Dermatomyositis (DM) and Polymyositis (PM): Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Elevated Antinuclear Antibodies: Anti-Jo-1, Anti-OJ, Anti-Mi2, Anti-SRP, Anti-EJ,
aminotransferase (AST ... aminotransferase (ALT ... PM #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... Nucleotidase • ALT ... & AST normal or ... obstruction • ALP
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
R-value: Serum (ALT ... /ULN ALT) / (Alk ... • AST/ALT > ALP ... > AST/ALT: typical ... Kidney, Brain • ALT
Liver Function Test (LFTs) Elevation
AST - Cardiac and skeletal muscle, kidney, brain
ALT - More specific for
LFTs) Elevation AST ... kidney, brain ALT ... Alkaline Phosphatase, ALT ... ULN R Value = (ALT ... / ULN ALT) / (ALP
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT ... • Severe - ALT ... • Moderate - ALT ... Others • Mild - ALT ... > ALT or AST):
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
to liver than ALT ... • ALT: Specific ... • AST/ALT > ALP ... : ↑ • ALT: ↑ ... kidney, brain • ALT
Liver Enzymes (LFTs) - Causes of Hepatocellular and Cholestatic Liver Injury
Hepatocellular Liver Injury
 • AST/ALT elevation
Liver Injury • AST ... /ALT elevation > ... Alk phos • ALT ... • R value = (ALT ... + ULN ALT) / (alkaline
Maculopapular - Diagnostic Algorithm
Pathophysiology:
- Catch-all term with a wide range of potential pathophysiologic mechanisms and causative
Diagnostic Algorithm Pathophysiology ... : - Catch-all term ... range of potential pathophysiologic ... - Pathophysiology