7 results
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... (vegetations)/tumor ... (left atrial myxoma ... )/ball valve thrombus ... #differential #cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Coronary Artery ... (Vegetation, Thrombus ... , PFO, ASD, h/o ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Giant dilated left ... (a4c) It belongs ... Mitral valve doesn ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #clinical #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... formation • Other vegetations ... -mm left sided vegetations ... #management #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... Vegetations seen ... plane into left atrium ... valve - Secondary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
Early transit of bubbles ... as RAP>LAP as atrial ... In addition to dilated ... clinical #pocus #a4c ... intrapulmonary #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... than 5 to 7 days after ... -mm left sided vegetations ... #Diagnosis #cardiology