6 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... • Prosthetic valve ... Ring fracture, Thrombus ... cardiomyopathy - VA ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Important to determine and treat the etiology behind because
• Arrhythmias: Afib ... stenosis, Prosthetic valve ... • Endocarditis ... Structural: myxoma, thrombus ... Ischemic #Stroke #CVA
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Valve (Vegetation ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... , PFO, ASD, h/o ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
wide-complex tachycardia: bundle ... (< 5% pts with afibb ... thrombus • Digoxin ... Mechanical heart valve ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Marantic: Emboli > Regurgitation ... #management #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Marantic: Emboli > Regurgitation ... #Diagnosis #cardiology