11 results
Negative contrast effect = a washout of the contrast (agitated saline) in the right atrium in
Negative contrast ... ) in the right atrium ... atrial #septal # ... defect #a4c #Echocardiogram ... #clinical #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... disease Infective endocarditis ... myxoma)/ball valve ... #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Negative Contrast ... Effect in Right ... Small secundum ASD ... #cardiology #clinical ... echocardiogram #s4c
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... myxoma • Hypercoagulable ... • Coagulase-negative ... #cardiology
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy on Echocardiogram - Apical 4 Chamber View

RCM is a disease of diastole —> severe
Though this case ... An ASD with atria ... big you would expect ... echocardiogram #cardiology ... #a4c
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Fibroelastoma), Mass (Myxoma ... - Most Common Cause ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... myxoma • Hypercoagulable ... Septic emboli cause ... #cardiology #infectiousdiseases
Common MRI Sequences - Basic MRI Brain Interpretation

 • T1 Sequence - T1 is for anatomy.
structures will reflect ... Contrast material ... give contrast, masses ... MRI #Sequences #Radiology ... Neuroradiology #diagnosis
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
Arthritis Differential Diagnosis ... peripheral vs axial ... weeks) Can Be Caused ... • Bacterial endocarditis ... aureus • Gram-negative
Causes of Renal Infarction - Differential Diagnosis
Thrombosis: Spontaneous
 • Atherosclerotic disease of aorta and renal artery
Causes of Renal ... - Differential Diagnosis ... infarction with mural ... thrombi: Left atrial ... myxoma or other