11 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
and Secondary Causes ... endocarditis, Myxomatous ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes #primary
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... Whipple's disease Infective ... endocarditis (vegetations ... #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Treat underlying cause ... Regurgitation • Colon ... #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... stenosis - Infective ... /marantic endocarditis ... #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... urine can induce color ... thrombosis • Renal artery ... Hematuria: • Infection ... #Diagnosis #causes
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Heart Failure • Infective ... Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis ... #causes #cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
- Most Common Cause ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... #Embolism #diagnosis ... #differential # ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... Regurgitation • Colon ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #cardiology
Bronchiectasis is defined as localized bronchial dilatation.
The diagnosis of bronchiectasis is usually based on a combination
accompanying small artery ... The most common cause ... bronchiectasis is prior infection ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... Bronchiectasis #Differential
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
Pain - Arthritis Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... weeks) Can Be Caused ... • Bacterial endocarditis ... #Diagnosis #MSK