9 results
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
atrium on Echocardiogram ... Mitral valve doesn ... sinus rhythm... 1. ... #left #atrium # ... #clinical #cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Effect in Right Atrium ... Diagnosis 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... Effect #Right #Atrium ... #Diagnosis #cardiology
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
Echocardiogram (1) ... cardiac chambers dilated ... spontaneous echo contrast ... (7) patient in atrial ... #a4c #thrombus
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
calcification - Age-related ... disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... Causes #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... plane into left atrium ... Nonischemic MR: Dilated ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
1. ... as RAP>LAP as atrial ... In addition to dilated ... clinical #pocus #a4c ... intrapulmonary #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #cardiology