12 results
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
Mitral Stenosis ... and Left Atrial ... (a4c) Mitral ... of underlying cardiac ... #Stenosis #Atrial
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... #stenosis #Causes ... #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Important to determine and treat the etiology behind because
Causes of Ischemic ... Stroke - Differential ... * • Valvular: Mitral ... stenosis, Prosthetic ... valve • Endocarditis
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
of developing atrial ... mmHg developed atrial ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Stenosis ... • Tricuspid Stenosis
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
- Most Common Cause ... Minor: • < 25% stenosis ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... surgery, endocarditis
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
Stenosis on Echocardiogram ... (4) All 4 cardiac ... (7) patient in atrial ... #Stenosis #Echocardiogram ... clinical #cardiology #a4c
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... stenosis - Infective ... /marantic endocarditis ... plane into left atrium ... #Functional #Differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
tracheal (subglottic stenosis ... nose deformity • Cardiac ... (UPC) ratio • Cardiac ... o infection • Echocardiogram ... Goodpasture's cause
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
Palpitations - Differential ... heart failure • Mitral ... insufficiency, stenosis ... ) • Severe mitral ... Palpitations #Cardiology #Differential