13 results
Large Atrial Septal Defect and clearly not a PFO. I want to personally thank all the
Large Atrial Septal ... Defect and clearly ... Cardiology #POCUS #Echocardiogram ... #A4C #ASD #Large
Large atrial septal defect on cardiac POCUS with an oddly satisfying bubble study.

Eric Abrams, MD @eabramsMD

#Bubble
Large atrial septal ... Bubble #Study #ASD ... #Atrial #SeptalDefect ... Cardiology #POCUS #Echocardiogram ... #A4C #Large
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Giant dilated left atrium ... Mitral valve doesn ... ASD with R/L shunting ... dilated #left #atrium ... #a4c #Echocardiogram
Stroke Etiologies
Hemorrhagic (IPH, SAH)
Ischemic
 - Large Vessel Atherosclerosis
 - Cardioembolic: Atrial fib, prosthetic valves, LV aneurysm,
Ischemic - Large ... Cardioembolic: Atrial ... , LV aneurysm, Endocarditis ... Stroke #causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... thrombus - When large ... stenosis #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential #
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Diagnosis and Pathophysiology ... of developing atrial ... mmHg developed atrial ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Stenosis
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Effect in Right Atrium ... Small secundum ASD ... Effect #Right #Atrium ... #clinical #echocardiogram ... #s4c #pocus #bubble
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Diagnosis?
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis ... #differential #
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Functional Mitral ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... plane into left atrium ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology