11 results
Negative contrast effect = a washout of the contrast (agitated saline) in the right atrium in
Negative contrast ... patient with an ASD ... effect #washout #ASD ... #atrial #septal ... #defect #a4c #Echocardiogram
What's the Dx?
• 29-year-old male 
• Transfer community hospital 
• Hypotension
• Renal failure
• Altered mental status.
Using IV heroin • Negative ... Clips 1 and 2 demonstrate ... a mobile mitral ... applying color Doppler ... Clinical #POCUS #Echocardiogram
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Negative Contrast ... - Differential ... Small secundum ASD ... cardiology #clinical #echocardiogram ... #s4c #pocus #bubble
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
Fever Patterns - Differential ... • Typhus, gram-negative ... Juvenile idiopathic arthritis ... • Rheumatoid arthritis ... Fever #Patterns #Differential
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
on Echocardiogram ... (a4c) It belongs ... Mitral valve doesn ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #a4c #Echocardiogram
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... • Coagulase-negative ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
Differential Diagnosis ... peripheral vs axial ... • Bacterial endocarditis ... aureus • Gram-negative ... Joint #pain #Differential
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... #Differential #
Causes of Myocarditis 
1. Infectious Myocarditis
 • Bacterial - Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Pneumococcus, Meningococcus, Gonococcus, Salmonella, Corynebacterium
tsutsugamuschi • Viral ... lymphocytic, infection-negative ... erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis ... Heavy metals - Copper ... Myocarditis #Causes #differential
Ebstein Anomaly on Echocardiogram

Ebstein anomaly. The tricuspid valve is ALWAYS more apically displaced than the mitral
Ebstein Anomaly on Echocardiogram ... displaced than the mitral ... associated with an atrial ... starts (by colour Doppler ... #cardiology #a4c