6 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... Regurgitation Primary ... ), Congenital (cleft ... muscle rupture, Left ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
mitral regurgitation ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... annular plane into left ... atrium. ... #Mitral #Regurgitation
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Giant dilated left ... atrium on Echocardiogram ... Mitral valve doesn ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #atrium #a4c #Echocardiogram
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Marantic: Emboli > Regurgitation
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
- Differential ... Small secundum ASD ... or PFO with left ... cardiology #clinical #echocardiogram ... #s4c #pocus #bubble
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... #Differential #