15 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Leaflet: Rheumatic fever ... , Infective endocarditis ... • Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... Regurgitation #differential
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Systolic Murmurs - Differential ... • Anemia Supravalvular ... Marfan's Disease Mitral ... • Trauma Mitral ... Murmurs #Cardiology #Differential
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
Differential Diagnosis ... Acute bacterial endocarditis ... • Infective endocarditis ... schistosomiasis • Pyemia ... #Patterns #Differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Leukocytosis, anemia ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Decreased Production:
 - Drugs (chemo, yang, sulfa, acetaminophen, NSAIDs, quinine,
Thrombocytopenia - Differential ... quinine, etc) - Viral ... - Mechanical: valve ... replacement, endocarditis ... Diagnosis #Framework #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... mechanical cardiac valve ... bartonella (oroya fever ... #Differential #
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Purpura - Differential ... - Hemolytic anemia ... CTD (SLE) - Viral ... mountain spotted fever ... • Bacterial endocarditis
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Leukocytosis, anemia ... #Endocarditis #Differential
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
sclerosis (both heart valve ... iron deficiency anemia ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Petechial Rash - Differential ... Red Flags: • Fever ... Schonlein Purpura - Endocarditis ... Microscopic) - Viral ... Algorithm #Causes #dermatology