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diagnosis hematology cardiology algorithm anemia causes agglutinin cold dehydrogenase disease elevated framework infections infectiousdiseases intermittent laboratory lactate ldh management nonpalpable
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation: • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Leaflet: Rheumatic fever ... , Infective endocarditis ... • Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... Regurgitation #differential
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework Continuous Fever: Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
Differential Diagnosis ... Acute bacterial endocarditis ... • Infective endocarditis ... with profound hemolysis ... #Patterns #Differential
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
- Differential ... mechanical cardiac valve ... bartonella (oroya fever ... #Anemia #Differential ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Endocarditis Summary Who? Infectious: • Pre-existing valvular disease • Prosthetic valve • Congenital heart disease • IV substance use • IV catheter • Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Decreased Production: - Drugs (chemo, yang, sulfa, acetaminophen, NSAIDs, quinine,
Thrombocytopenia - Differential ... quinine, etc) - Viral ... - Mechanical: valve ... replacement, endocarditis ... Diagnosis #Framework #hematology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Purpura - Differential ... DIC/TTP/HUS - Hemolytic ... CTD (SLE) - Viral ... mountain spotted fever ... • Bacterial endocarditis
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential ... - Prosthetic valves ... ratio < 1.5) from viral ... myocarditis, rheumatic fever ... Dehydrogenase #Elevated #differential
Cold Agglutinin Disease 3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies: 1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD) 2. Donath-Landsteiner
CAS): - Due to Viral ... - Polyclonal - Viral ... younger pts) Differential ... Symptoms: High fevers ... #anemia #hematology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework Who? Infectious: • Pre-existing valvular disease • Prosthetic valve • Congenital heart disease • IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers ... #Endocarditis #Differential
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Petechial Rash - Differential ... Red Flags: • Fever ... Schonlein Purpura - Endocarditis ... Microscopic) - Viral ... Algorithm #Causes #dermatology
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