12 results
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
Mitral Stenosis ... and Left Atrial ... #Stenosis #Atrial ... Echocardiogram #clinical #cardiology ... #pocus
Apical 4-chamber (A4) Apical 4 Chamber view demonstrating the right ventricle (RV), right atrium (RA), left
ventricle (RV), right atrium ... (RA), left ventricle ... (LV) and left atrium ... septum #Clinical #EM ... #Cardiology #POCUS
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Paradoxical: Right to Left ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
vegetations)/tumor (left ... atrial myxoma)/ ... ball valve thrombus ... Causes #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Mitral valve doesn ... ’t look typical ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #clinical #cardiology ... #pocus
Mechanical Complications in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Acute LV/RV Dysfunction:
 • Regional wall motion, systolic and diastolic function,
• Typically ↑ mitral ... size < 0.5 • Bidirectional ... anterior infarct in apical ... Infarction #acuteMI #cardiology ... #differential #
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
annular plane into left ... atrium. ... papillary muscles apically ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Parasternal Long Axis view with measurement. Note the right ventricle (RV), interventricular septum (S), left ventricle
ventricle (LV), left ... atrium (LA), anterior ... mitral valve leaflet ... #Clinical #EM #Cardiology ... #POCUS #Parasternal
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
- Differential ... Small secundum ASD ... or PFO with left ... #Diagnosis #cardiology ... echocardiogram #s4c #pocus
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... diagnosis #management #cardiology