9 results
Apical 4-chamber (A4) Apical 4 Chamber view demonstrating the right ventricle (RV), right atrium (RA), left
(RA), left ventricle ... (LV) and left atrium ... septum #Clinical #EM ... #Cardiology #POCUS ... #FourChamber #ALiEM
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
Mitral Stenosis ... and Left Atrial ... #Atrial #Thrombus ... Echocardiogram #clinical #cardiology ... #pocus
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Paradoxical: Right to Left ... Minor: • < 25% stenosis ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Subxiphoid 4-chamber view showing right ventricle (RV), right atrium (RA), left ventricle (LV) and left atrium
(RA), left ventricle ... (LV) and left atrium ... #Clinical #EM #Cardiology ... #POCUS #Subxiphoid ... PericardialEffusion #ALiEM
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
vegetations)/tumor (left ... atrial myxoma)/ ... ball valve thrombus ... Causes #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Parasternal Long Axis view with measurement. Note the right ventricle (RV), interventricular septum (S), left ventricle
ventricle (LV), left ... atrium (LA), anterior ... #Clinical #EM #Cardiology ... #POCUS #Parasternal ... LongAxis #PSLA #ALiEM
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Giant dilated left ... valve doesn’t look typical ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #clinical #cardiology ... #pocus
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
- Differential ... Small secundum ASD ... or PFO with left ... #Diagnosis #cardiology ... echocardiogram #s4c #pocus
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
associated mitral stenosis ... annular plane into left ... atrium. ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology