19 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... Causes of Mitral ... • Prosthetic valve ... #differential #diagnosis ... #cardiology #causes
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
Primary and Secondary ... - Differential Diagnosis ... taken at home, work ... Secondary #HTN #Cardiology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... of primary mitral ... parachute mitral valve ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Echocardiography
Right ventricular function can be assessed using several methods and echocardiography is generally the first‐line tool
several methods and ... independent prognostic value ... predictive of all‐cause ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... #POCUS #Echocardiogram
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
LAA Thrombus), Valve ... - Most Common Cause ... , PFO, ASD, h/o ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Polycythemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polycythemia itself isn’t a diagnosis. Like many things, it is a condition
that a one-off value ... EPO-independent (primary ... up EPO levels Primary ... about secondary causes ... #Algorithm #workup
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Prosthetic valve ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Treat underlying cause ... #management #cardiology
Quincke's Pulse in a patient with a normal echocardiogram (non-valvular)

A 70 y/o man presents with new
with a normal echocardiogram ... Workup for cause ... EtOH causes thiamine ... AorticRegurgitation #Diagnosis ... Fingernails #Nailbed #Cardiology
Intraoperative  Bradycardia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Bradycardia in theatre should not be treated as
system including valves ... APL valve <3 breaths ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup ... #Cardiology
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
identify non-calculus causes ... MRI - Limited value ... for non-calculus causes ... upper urinary tract ... : diagnostic and