14 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

 • Respiratory Acidosis
 • Respiratory Alkalosis
 • Metabolic Acidosis
 •
Acid-Base Disorders ... - Differential ... AcidosisMetabolic ... #Disorders #nephrology ... diagnosis #acidosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Normal Acid-Base ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... potassium #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Diagnosis: Causes ... sedation, narcotics, CVA ... #Summary #Nephrology ... bloodgas #Acid #Base
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
Diagnosis - MINT ... Mnemonic • Metabolic ... Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis ... Stroke #Mimics #CVA ... #Mnemonic #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
in the distal tubule ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... acidosis - Cl ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Algorithm Acidosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Defects in Kidney Tubule ... ascending limb Gitelman ... renal tubular acidosis ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Alkalosis: Differential ... Diagnosis ECF ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... #nephrology