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differential hypokalemia algorithm alkalosis causes management metabolic pathophysiology cerebritis checklist chloride cns defects epithelial erythematosus inherited kidney lupus rheumatology sle
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome • Urine Chloride • Urine Ca/Cr ratio Dr. Krithika
syndrome from Bartter ... Chloride • Urine Ca ... #syndrome #Bartter ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #hypokalemia #diagnosis
How do you work up an ischemic CVA? A) Initial Evaluation • ABCs • IV access, monitor
up an ischemic CVA ... hemorrhage and other mimics ... #CVA #stroke #workup ... #diagnosis #checklist ... #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Syndrome is a rare ... in the distal tubule ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
acid transporter Bartter ... syndrome - Na-K ... ascending limb Gitelman ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... that will cause ischemia ... or blood-brain barrier ... prevention (statin for CVA ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... • Bartter syndrome ... • Pseudo Bartter-Gitelman ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... actively working • Bartter ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
syndrome (mimics ... diuretic use), Gitelman's ... syndrome (mimics ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... syndrome, Hypomagnesemia ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
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