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hypokalemia syndrome differential management pathophysiology algorithm causes checklist defects epithelial inherited ischemic k kidney potassium stroke treatment tubule
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome • Urine Chloride • Urine Ca/Cr ratio Dr. Krithika
Differentiating Gitelman ... syndrome from Bartter ... Chloride • Urine Ca ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #hypokalemia #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
in the distal tubule ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
How do you work up an ischemic CVA? A) Initial Evaluation • ABCs • IV access, monitor
How do you work ... hemorrhage and other mimics ... suspicion) • +/- bubble ... #diagnosis #checklist ... #neurology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
acid transporter Bartter ... ascending limb Gitelman ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
distal convoluted tubule ... Refeeding syndrome • Bartter ... syndrome • Pseudo Bartter-Gitelman ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Osmotic diuresis, Bartter's ... diuretic use), Gitelman's ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... reabsorption) Workup ... Elimination (see Table ... Calcium 2-3g IV Ca-gluconate ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
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