8 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... sedation, narcotics, CVA ... #Summary #Nephrology ... #Acid #Base #Gas
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Cystinuria - Amino acid ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... in the proximal tubule ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
(SPS) - Diagnosis ... : • Anti-GAD Ab ... antibody that works ... others (botox, sodium ... Management #treatment #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... (Assess GFR), ±VBG ... 3g IV Ca-gluconate ... 10U reg IV + 1-2 ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology